Polylactic acid has emerged as a green and clean biodegradable polymer produced from natural resources such as corn starch and sugar beet. This study provides a new and detailed insight into the surface modification of the PLA scaffolds using UV exposure. However, it was observed that scaffold crystallinity first increased and then decreased with the UV exposure. AFM showed increased surface roughness with the increase in UV duration. FTIR and XPS results were in conjunction and showed the formation of oxygen-rich functional groups with the increased UV irradiation of the surface. The results show that changes in the surface wettability of scaffolds were observed after 2 min of UV exposure, and wettability increased with the increased duration of UV exposure. In this work, tubular scaffolds were fabricated using a novel single-step biaxial expansion process, and the surface properties of the tubular scaffolds after different durations of UV irradiation were evaluated. However, detailed studies are needed to study the effect of UV irradiation on the surface properties of biaxially expanded scaffolds. Thus, in order to improve the mechanical properties of tubular scaffolds, they were biaxially expanded, wherein the bioactivity can be improved by surface modifications using UV treatment. However, PLA scaffolds show limitations such as low mechanical strength as compared to metallic scaffolds and inferior bioactivities, limiting their clinical application. The most extensively used method for tubular scaffold fabrication is by using the extrusion process. PLA and its blends are the most extensively used materials for various biomedical applications such as scaffolds, implants, and other medical devices.
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